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Texas Court RecordsThe basic structure of the present court system of Texas was established by an 1891 constitutional amendment. The amendment established the Supreme Court as the highest state appellate court for civil matters, and the Court of Criminal Appeals, which makes the final determination in criminal matters. Today, there are also 14 courts of appeals that exercise intermediate appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases. District courts are the state trial courts of general jurisdiction. The geographical area served by each district court is established by the specific statute creating that court. In addition to these state courts, the Texas Constitution provides for a county court in each county, presided over by the county judge. The Texas Constitution also authorizes not less than one nor more than 16 justices of the peace in each county. The justice courts serve as small claims courts and have jurisdiction in misdemeanor cases where punishment upon conviction may be by fine only. By statute, the Legislature has created municipal courts in each incorporated city in the state. These courts have original jurisdiction over violations of municipal ordinances and concurrent jurisdiction with the justice courts over misdemeanor state law violations, limited to the geographical confines of the municipality. Trials in the justice courts and most municipal courts are not of record, and appeals therefrom are by new trial (“trial de novo”) to the county court, except in certain counties, where the appeal is to a county court at law or to a district court. From here you are able to inquire on Texas state case records including docket entries, parties, judgments, and charges in public courts. In common law jurisdictions, a court of record is a court that keeps permanent records of its proceedings. Judgments of a trial court of record are normally subject to appellate review. In many jurisdictions, all courts are courts of record. In many jurisdictions, courts that have the power to fine or imprison must be courts of record. In almost all jurisdictions, a court of record will have a court clerk whose primary duty is to maintain the permanent records. Traditionally, a court of record was required to have its own unique seal, which was used to authenticate its judgments and copies of its records.
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