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Virginia Court Records

Virginia has the oldest judicial system in America. The present system consists of four levels of courts: the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals, the circuit courts, and the district courts. In addition, magistrates serve as judicial officers with authority to issue various types of processes. The courts are organized into 31 judicial circuits and 32 similar judicial districts. In many instances, a citizen's first contact with the judicial system of the Commonwealth comes through the office of the Magistrate. A principal function of the magistrate is to provide an independent, unbiased review of complaints brought to the office by police officers, sheriffs, deputies, and citizens. The General District Court decides all criminal offenses involving ordinances laws, and by-laws of the county or city where it is located and all misdemeanors under state law. A misdemeanor is any charge which carries a penalty of no more than one year in jail or a fine of up to $2,500, or both.

The only trial court of general jurisdiction in Virginia is the circuit court. The Circuit Courts have jurisdiction over the following: Civil Actions: monetary claims over $4,500 but not exceeding $15,000, concurrent jurisdiction with general district courts , monetary claims exceeding $15,000, exclusive original jurisdiction, attachments, validity of a county or municipal ordinance or corporate bylaw. Criminal Cases: all felonies, offenses that may be punished by commitment to the state penitentiary, misdemeanor charges originating from a grand jury indictment, transfer or certification of felony offenses committed by juveniles. Appeals: appeals from the General District Court or J&DR District Court (heard de novo), appeals from administrative agencies.

From here you are able to inquire on Virginia state case records including docket entries, parties, judgments, and charges in public courts. In common law jurisdictions, a court of record is a court that keeps permanent records of its proceedings. Judgments of a trial court of record are normally subject to appellate review. In many jurisdictions, all courts are courts of record. In many jurisdictions, courts that have the power to fine or imprison must be courts of record. In almost all jurisdictions, a court of record will have a court clerk whose primary duty is to maintain the permanent records. Traditionally, a court of record was required to have its own unique seal, which was used to authenticate its judgments and copies of its records.

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